![]() ![]() The noun ‘effect’ refers to a result, consequence or outcome of some action, event, agent or cause, as it does in ‘the effect of reading the article was so profound that she immediately reconsidered her own methodology.’ ‘Effect’ is therefore the noun you should use when you are discussing the results of trials and experiments: ‘the effect of the conditions established in the third trial was the most significant.’ The noun usually refers to real phenomena, but it can also have the sense of an impression or illusion, such as ‘a 3D effect.’ The plural form ‘effects’ can mean goods or personal property and it is the word used when talking about the special effects in films. ![]() ‘Affect’ is used quite rarely as a noun and primarily in psychology or psychiatry, where it refers to a feeling, an emotion or an emotional response observed by a practitioner, as in ‘blunted or flat affect can be an indication of mental illness.’ Although the noun is sometimes used with a meaning close to the second sense of the verb discussed above, as in ‘her voice had a remarkable affect that made her sound authoritative,’ a better choice here would be the noun ‘affectation.’
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